Selasa, 12 November 2019

Partisi LVM full

Oprek-oprek Partisi LVM Bag. 2

2. Membuat Partisi LVM


Pada tutorial sebelumnya kita telah melihat partisi LVM yang dibuat secara otomatis oleh Ubuntu Server 14.04. Nah, kali ini kita akan belajar membuat partisi LVM sendiri pada 2 hardisk yang baru. Disini kita masih menggunakan Virtualbox untuk melakukan simulasinya. Untuk memulai, pertama-tama dalam kondisi PC off, tambahkan 2 hardisk baru bertipe sata.
Kemudian nyalakan PC Ubuntu Server 14.04. Setelah memasukkan username dan password, pada terminal ketikkan perintah berikut :

lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 6442 MB, 6442450944 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 783 cylinders, total 12582912 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x0006732d

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *        2048      499711      248832   83  Linux
/dev/sda2          501758    12580863     6039553    5  Extended
/dev/sda5          501760    12580863     6039552   8e  Linux LVM

Disk /dev/sdb: 6442 MB, 6442450944 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 783 cylinders, total 12582912 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x26cb0a60

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

Disk /dev/sdc: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 522 cylinders, total 8388608 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/sdc doesn't contain a valid partition table

Dari output perintah yang dihasilkan diatas sudah terdapat hardisk baru yang dikenal dengan “/dev/sdb” dan "/dev/sdc", masing-masing memiliki kapasitas 6 GB dan 4 GB. Sekarang kita akan mencoba membuat partisi LVM dengan Volume Group Name yang berbeda.

lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo fdisk /dev/sdb

Command (m for help): m <--- "m" untuk melihat daftar menud
Command action
   a   toggle a bootable flag
   b   edit bsd disklabel
   c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
   d   delete a partition
   l   list known partition types
   m   print this menu
   n   add a new partition
   o   create a new empty DOS partition table
   p   print the partition table
   q   quit without saving changes
   s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
   t   change a partition's system id
   u   change display/entry units
   v   verify the partition table
   w   write table to disk and exit
   x   extra functionality (experts only)
n
Command (m for help): n <--- "n" untuk membuat partisi baru 
Partition type:
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p): p <--- "p" untuk membuat partisi primary
Partition number (1-4, default 1): Enter <--- Gunakan default value = nomor partisi 1 
Using default value 1
First sector (2048-12582911, default 2048): Enter <--- Gunakan default value = Sektor pertama 2048
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-12582911, default 12582911): Enter <--- Gunakan default Value 
Using default value 12582911

Command (m for help): t <--- Ganti id partisi system yang akan digunakan
Selected partition 1
Hex code (type L to list codes): l <--- "l" untuk melihat daftar id partisi system

 0  Empty           24  NEC DOS         81  Minix / old Lin bf  Solaris        
 1  FAT12           27  Hidden NTFS Win 82  Linux swap / So c1  DRDOS/sec (FAT-
 2  XENIX root      39  Plan 9          83  Linux           c4  DRDOS/sec (FAT-
 3  XENIX usr       3c  PartitionMagic  84  OS/2 hidden C:  c6  DRDOS/sec (FAT-
 4  FAT16 <32M      40  Venix 80286     85  Linux extended  c7  Syrinx         
 5  Extended        41  PPC PReP Boot   86  NTFS volume set da  Non-FS data    
 6  FAT16           42  SFS             87  NTFS volume set db  CP/M / CTOS / .
 7  HPFS/NTFS/exFAT 4d  QNX4.x          88  Linux plaintext de  Dell Utility   
 8  AIX             4e  QNX4.x 2nd part 8e  Linux LVM       df  BootIt         
 9  AIX bootable    4f  QNX4.x 3rd part 93  Amoeba          e1  DOS access     
 a  OS/2 Boot Manag 50  OnTrack DM      94  Amoeba BBT      e3  DOS R/O        
 b  W95 FAT32       51  OnTrack DM6 Aux 9f  BSD/OS          e4  SpeedStor      
 c  W95 FAT32 (LBA) 52  CP/M            a0  IBM Thinkpad hi eb  BeOS fs        
 e  W95 FAT16 (LBA) 53  OnTrack DM6 Aux a5  FreeBSD         ee  GPT            
 f  W95 Ext'd (LBA) 54  OnTrackDM6      a6  OpenBSD         ef  EFI (FAT-12/16/
10  OPUS            55  EZ-Drive        a7  NeXTSTEP        f0  Linux/PA-RISC b
11  Hidden FAT12    56  Golden Bow      a8  Darwin UFS      f1  SpeedStor      
12  Compaq diagnost 5c  Priam Edisk     a9  NetBSD          f4  SpeedStor      
14  Hidden FAT16 <3 61  SpeedStor       ab  Darwin boot     f2  DOS secondary  
16  Hidden FAT16    63  GNU HURD or Sys af  HFS / HFS+      fb  VMware VMFS    
17  Hidden HPFS/NTF 64  Novell Netware  b7  BSDI fs         fc  VMware VMKCORE 
18  AST SmartSleep  65  Novell Netware  b8  BSDI swap       fd  Linux raid auto
1b  Hidden W95 FAT3 70  DiskSecure Mult bb  Boot Wizard hid fe  LANstep        
1c  Hidden W95 FAT3 75  PC/IX           be  Solaris boot    ff  BBT            
1e  Hidden W95 FAT1 80  Old Minix      
Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e <--- id "8e" = jenis partisi LVM
Changed system type of partition 1 to 8e (Linux LVM)

Command (m for help): w <--- "w" untuk meng-apply semua konfigurasi ke hardisk
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

Lakukan hal yang sama pada hardisk "/dev/sdc", kemudian cek hasilnya :

lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 6442 MB, 6442450944 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 783 cylinders, total 12582912 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x0006732d

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *        2048      499711      248832   83  Linux
/dev/sda2          501758    12580863     6039553    5  Extended
/dev/sda5          501760    12580863     6039552   8e  Linux LVM

Disk /dev/sdb: 6442 MB, 6442450944 bytes
64 heads, 48 sectors/track, 4096 cylinders, total 12582912 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x26cb0a60

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1            2048    12582911     6290432   8e  Linux LVM

Disk /dev/sdc: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
43 heads, 32 sectors/track, 6096 cylinders, total 8388608 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xfc4f9909

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdc1            2048     8388607     4193280   8e  Linux LVM
.
.
.

Sudah terdapat 2 hardisk yaitu "/dev/sdb1" dan "/dev/sdc1" yang masing-masing memiliki id "8e" (id dari file system LVM). Walaupun sudah memiliki id sebagai partisi system LVM (8e), namun kedua hardisk tersebut belum menjadi sebuah Physical Volume. Silahkan cek menggunakan perintah berikut :

lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo pvscan
  PV /dev/sda5   VG ubuntu-lvm-vg   lvm2 [5.76 GiB / 0    free]
  Total: 1 [5.76 GiB] / in use: 1 [5.76 GiB] / in no VG: 0 [0   ]

Kemudian mari kita persiapkan kedua hardisk tersebut untuk menjadi partisi LVM. Pertama-tama jadikan keduanya sebagai Physical Volume (PV). Berikut perintah untuk membuat dan menghapus PV :

lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo pvscan
  PV /dev/sda5   VG ubuntu-lvm-vg   lvm2 [5.76 GiB / 0    free]
  Total: 1 [5.76 GiB] / in use: 1 [5.76 GiB] / in no VG: 0 [0   ]
 
lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo pvcreate /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1
  Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created
  Physical volume "/dev/sdc1" successfully created
 
lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo pvscan
  PV /dev/sda5   VG ubuntu-lvm-vg   lvm2 [5.76 GiB / 0    free]
  PV /dev/sdb1                      lvm2 [6.00 GiB]
  PV /dev/sdc1                      lvm2 [4.00 GiB]
  Total: 3 [15.76 GiB] / in use: 1 [5.76 GiB] / in no VG: 2 [10.00 GiB]
 
lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo pvremove /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1
  Labels on physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully wiped
  Labels on physical volume "/dev/sdc1" successfully wiped
 
lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo pvscan
  PV /dev/sda5   VG ubuntu-lvm-vg   lvm2 [5.76 GiB / 0    free]
  Total: 1 [5.76 GiB] / in use: 1 [5.76 GiB] / in no VG: 0 [0   ]
 
lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo pvcreate /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1
  Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created
  Physical volume "/dev/sdc1" successfully created
 
lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo pvscan
  PV /dev/sda5   VG ubuntu-lvm-vg   lvm2 [5.76 GiB / 0    free]
  PV /dev/sdb1                      lvm2 [6.00 GiB]
  PV /dev/sdc1                      lvm2 [4.00 GiB]
  Total: 3 [15.76 GiB] / in use: 1 [5.76 GiB] / in no VG: 2 [10.00 GiB]
 
lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$

Sekarang sudah ada 3 PV yang total kapasitas = 15,76 GB. Untuk melihat secara detail Physical Volume yang ada, ketikkan perintah di bawah ini :

lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo pvdisplay
  --- Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sda5
  VG Name               ubuntu-lvm-vg
  PV Size               5.76 GiB / not usable 2.00 MiB
  Allocatable           yes (but full)
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              1474
  Free PE               0
  Allocated PE          1474
  PV UUID               5uOxww-NXSq-AhSz-FcRB-pu8w-dEVZ-FkYvBf
   
  "/dev/sdb1" is a new physical volume of "6.00 GiB"
  --- NEW Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sdb1
  VG Name               
  PV Size               6.00 GiB
  Allocatable           NO
  PE Size               0   
  Total PE              0
  Free PE               0
  Allocated PE          0
  PV UUID               RNo6oD-iMLq-VlWD-1mZ5-Bmns-Qruh-o3j90f
   
  "/dev/sdc1" is a new physical volume of "4.00 GiB"
  --- NEW Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sdc1
  VG Name               
  PV Size               4.00 GiB
  Allocatable           NO
  PE Size               0   
  Total PE              0
  Free PE               0
  Allocated PE          0
  PV UUID               dqDGxc-rh2T-SA4K-FFux-Y4o0-NOUb-sg1FiP
   
lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$

Setelah partisi / hardisk "/dev/sdb1" & "/dev/sdc1" menjadi sebuah Physical Volume barulah kita dapat membuat Volume Group di dalamnya. Di sini kita akan membuat VG dengan nama "ShareLVM". Untuk membuat Volume Group (VG) ikuti langkah di bawah ini :

lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo vgcreate ShareLVM /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1
  Volume group "ShareLVM" successfully created
 
lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo vgscan
  Reading all physical volumes.  This may take a while...
  Found volume group "ShareLVM" using metadata type lvm2
  Found volume group "ubuntu-lvm-vg" using metadata type lvm2
 
lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo vgdisplay
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               ShareLVM
  System ID             
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        2
  Metadata Sequence No  1
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                0
  Open LV               0
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                2
  Act PV                2
  VG Size               9.99 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              2558
  Alloc PE / Size       0 / 0   
  Free  PE / Size       2558 / 9.99 GiB
  VG UUID               uTZw29-h4fX-2ZIj-Z0f2-piTD-Bg1L-uLO81K
   
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               ubuntu-lvm-vg
  System ID             
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        1
  Metadata Sequence No  3
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                2
  Open LV               2
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                1
  Act PV                1
  VG Size               5.76 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              1474
  Alloc PE / Size       1474 / 5.76 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       0 / 0   
  VG UUID               CCdcEv-Qj4r-Ixf2-OfFf-Qsc4-6kj5-g0YBNn
   
lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$

Tampak bahwa VG "ShareLVM" memiliki kapasitas 9,99 GB. Ini adalah total jumlah kapasitas "/dev/sdb1" + "/dev/sdc1". Sebagai latihan, iseng-iseng kita akan merubah nama VG "ShareLVM" menjadi "DATA", kemudian menghapusnya, kemudian membuatnya kembali :

lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo vgrename ShareLVM DATA
  Volume group "ShareLVM" successfully renamed to "DATA"

lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo pvscan
  PV /dev/sdb1   VG DATA            lvm2 [6.00 GiB / 6.00 GiB free]
  PV /dev/sdc1   VG DATA            lvm2 [4.00 GiB / 4.00 GiB free]
  PV /dev/sda5   VG ubuntu-lvm-vg   lvm2 [5.76 GiB / 0    free]
  Total: 3 [15.75 GiB] / in use: 3 [15.75 GiB] / in no VG: 0 [0   ]

lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo vgscan
  Reading all physical volumes.  This may take a while...
  Found volume group "DATA" using metadata type lvm2
  Found volume group "ubuntu-lvm-vg" using metadata type lvm2


lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo vgremove DATA
  Volume group "DATA" successfully removed

lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo vgscan
  Reading all physical volumes.  This may take a while...
  Found volume group "ubuntu-lvm-vg" using metadata type lvm2

lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo vgcreate ShareLVM /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1
  Volume group "ShareLVM" successfully created

lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo vgscan
  Reading all physical volumes.  This may take a while...
  Found volume group "ShareLVM" using metadata type lvm2
  Found volume group "ubuntu-lvm-vg" using metadata type lvm2

Setelah berhasil membuat VG "ShareLVM" kita akan membuat beberapa Logical Volume (LV) di dalamnya. Kita akan membuat LV Share (4 GB), LV Backup (4 GB), dan LV Media (2 GB) :

lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo lvcreate --name Share --size 4G ShareLVM
  Logical volume "Share" created

lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo lvcreate --name Backup --size 4G ShareLVM
  Logical volume "Backup" created

lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo lvcreate --name Media --size 1.5G ShareLVM
  Logical volume "Media" created

lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo lvscan
  ACTIVE            '/dev/ShareLVM/Share' [4.00 GiB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/ShareLVM/Backup' [4.00 GiB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/ShareLVM/Media' [1.50 GiB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/ubuntu-lvm-vg/root' [5.26 GiB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/ubuntu-lvm-vg/swap_1' [512.00 MiB] inherit

Untuk menampilkan daftar Logical Volume secara detail gunakan perintah berikut :

lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo lvdisplay
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/ShareLVM/Share
  LV Name                Share
  VG Name                ShareLVM
  LV UUID                70tmrp-docp-TzvE-Ol3F-eg4Y-ixPc-ojcRqq
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time ubuntu-lvm, 2014-08-15 17:23:01 +0700
  LV Status              available
  # open                 0
  LV Size                4.00 GiB
  Current LE             1024
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     256
  Block device           252:2
   
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/ShareLVM/Backup
  LV Name                Backup
  VG Name                ShareLVM
  LV UUID                kwpUkV-v3En-kCcA-Ke45-CMgv-xs2B-d32v4M
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time ubuntu-lvm, 2014-08-15 17:23:22 +0700
  LV Status              available
  # open                 0
  LV Size                4.00 GiB
  Current LE             1024
  Segments               2
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     256
  Block device           252:3
   
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/ShareLVM/Media
  LV Name                Media
  VG Name                ShareLVM
  LV UUID                3jB2sg-flLA-zgv1-SVMD-JuRE-OrvA-1tvzxX
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time ubuntu-lvm, 2014-08-15 17:26:33 +0700
  LV Status              available
  # open                 0
  LV Size                1.50 GiB
  Current LE             384
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     256
  Block device           252:4
   
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/ubuntu-lvm-vg/root
  LV Name                root
  VG Name                ubuntu-lvm-vg
  LV UUID                Dv32KX-D88P-DNRj-lRES-c7li-fvSC-8ltNOe
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time ubuntu-lvm, 2014-08-12 13:58:14 +0700
  LV Status              available
  # open                 1
  LV Size                5.26 GiB
  Current LE             1346
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     256
  Block device           252:0
   
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/ubuntu-lvm-vg/swap_1
  LV Name                swap_1
  VG Name                ubuntu-lvm-vg
  LV UUID                RfQ4O4-590O-x7pD-JZ1X-8neG-iato-N4d1dt
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time ubuntu-lvm, 2014-08-12 13:58:14 +0700
  LV Status              available
  # open                 2
  LV Size                512.00 MiB
  Current LE             128
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     256
  Block device           252:1
   
lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$

Untuk sekedar latihan, kita akan merubah nama LV "Share" menjadi "BagiPakai", kemudian kita akan menghapusnya, kemudian membuatnya kembali. Ikuti tahapan berikut :

lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo lvrename ShareLVM Share BagiPakai
  Renamed "Share" to "BagiPakai" in volume group "ShareLVM"

lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo lvscan
  ACTIVE            '/dev/ShareLVM/BagiPakai' [4.00 GiB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/ShareLVM/Backup' [4.00 GiB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/ShareLVM/Media' [1.50 GiB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/ubuntu-lvm-vg/root' [5.26 GiB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/ubuntu-lvm-vg/swap_1' [512.00 MiB] inherit

lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo lvdisplay
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/ShareLVM/BagiPakai
  LV Name                BagiPakai
  VG Name                ShareLVM
  LV UUID                70tmrp-docp-TzvE-Ol3F-eg4Y-ixPc-ojcRqq
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time ubuntu-lvm, 2014-08-15 17:23:01 +0700
  LV Status              available
  # open                 0
  LV Size                4.00 GiB
  Current LE             1024
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     256
  Block device           252:0
   
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/ShareLVM/Backup
  LV Name                Backup
  VG Name                ShareLVM
  LV UUID                kwpUkV-v3En-kCcA-Ke45-CMgv-xs2B-d32v4M
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time ubuntu-lvm, 2014-08-15 17:23:22 +0700
  LV Status              available
  # open                 0
  LV Size                4.00 GiB
  Current LE             1024
  Segments               2
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     256
  Block device           252:1
   
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/ShareLVM/Media
  LV Name                Media
  VG Name                ShareLVM
  LV UUID                3jB2sg-flLA-zgv1-SVMD-JuRE-OrvA-1tvzxX
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time ubuntu-lvm, 2014-08-15 17:26:33 +0700
  LV Status              available
  # open                 0
  LV Size                1.50 GiB
  Current LE             384
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     256
  Block device           252:2
   
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/ubuntu-lvm-vg/root
  LV Name                root
  VG Name                ubuntu-lvm-vg
  LV UUID                Dv32KX-D88P-DNRj-lRES-c7li-fvSC-8ltNOe
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time ubuntu-lvm, 2014-08-12 13:58:14 +0700
  LV Status              available
  # open                 1
  LV Size                5.26 GiB
  Current LE             1346
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     256
  Block device           252:3
   
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/ubuntu-lvm-vg/swap_1
  LV Name                swap_1
  VG Name                ubuntu-lvm-vg
  LV UUID                RfQ4O4-590O-x7pD-JZ1X-8neG-iato-N4d1dt
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time ubuntu-lvm, 2014-08-12 13:58:14 +0700
  LV Status              available
  # open                 2
  LV Size                512.00 MiB
  Current LE             128
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     256
  Block device           252:4
   
lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo lvscan
  ACTIVE            '/dev/ShareLVM/BagiPakai' [4.00 GiB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/ShareLVM/Backup' [4.00 GiB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/ShareLVM/Media' [1.50 GiB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/ubuntu-lvm-vg/root' [5.26 GiB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/ubuntu-lvm-vg/swap_1' [512.00 MiB] inherit

lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo lvremove /dev/ShareLVM/BagiPakai
Do you really want to remove and DISCARD active logical volume BagiPakai? [y/n]: y
  Logical volume "BagiPakai" successfully removed

lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo lvscan
  ACTIVE            '/dev/ShareLVM/Backup' [4.00 GiB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/ShareLVM/Media' [1.50 GiB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/ubuntu-lvm-vg/root' [5.26 GiB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/ubuntu-lvm-vg/swap_1' [512.00 MiB] inherit

lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo lvcreate --name Share --size 4G ShareLVM
  Logical volume "Share" created

Sebelum melanjutkan ke tahapan berikutnya, kita akan latihan lagi, yaitu dengan memperkecil dan memperbesar kapasitas LV "Share" :

lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo lvreduce -L2.5G /dev/ShareLVM/Share
  WARNING: Reducing active logical volume to 2.50 GiB
  THIS MAY DESTROY YOUR DATA (filesystem etc.)
Do you really want to reduce Share? [y/n]: y
  Reducing logical volume Share to 2.50 GiB
  Logical volume Share successfully resized

lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo lvscan
  ACTIVE            '/dev/ShareLVM/Backup' [4.00 GiB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/ShareLVM/Media' [1.50 GiB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/ShareLVM/Share' [2.50 GiB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/ubuntu-lvm-vg/root' [5.26 GiB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/ubuntu-lvm-vg/swap_1' [512.00 MiB] inherit

lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo lvextend -L4G /dev/ShareLVM/Share
  Extending logical volume Share to 4.00 GiB
  Logical volume Share successfully resized

lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo lvscan
  ACTIVE            '/dev/ShareLVM/Backup' [4.00 GiB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/ShareLVM/Media' [1.50 GiB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/ShareLVM/Share' [4.00 GiB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/ubuntu-lvm-vg/root' [5.26 GiB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/ubuntu-lvm-vg/swap_1' [512.00 MiB] inherit

Baiklah, sampai disini kita telah berhasil membuat 3 Logical Volume di dalam VG "ShareLVM". Namun ke 3 LV tersebut belum memiliki file system (atau kalau di dalam partisi biasa, hardisk / partisi tersebut belum diformat). Sebelum LV tersebut diberikan file system di dalamnya, partisi-partisi logical tersebut belum bisa digunakan untuk menyimpan file. Di sini kita akan membuat file system ext4 pada LV "Share" dan file system ext3 pada LV "Backup" dan LV "Media" :

lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/ShareLVM/Share
mke2fs 1.42.9 (4-Feb-2014)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
262144 inodes, 1048576 blocks
52428 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=1073741824
32 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736

Allocating group tables: done                            
Writing inode tables: done                            
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo mkfs.ext3 /dev/ShareLVM/Backup
mke2fs 1.42.9 (4-Feb-2014)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
262144 inodes, 1048576 blocks
52428 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=1073741824
32 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736

Allocating group tables: done                            
Writing inode tables: done                            
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done 

lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo mkfs.ext3 /dev/ShareLVM/Media
mke2fs 1.42.9 (4-Feb-2014)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
98304 inodes, 393216 blocks
19660 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=402653184
12 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912

Allocating group tables: done                            
Writing inode tables: done                            
Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

Setelah ke 3 Logical Volume tersebut memiliki file system, kita telah dapat menggunakannya untuk menyimpan file, tentunya dengan terlebih dahulu me-mount LV tersebut ke folder yang ditentukan. Kita akan me-mount LV "Share" ke direktori "/var/LVMMount/Share", LV "Backup" ke direktori "/var/LVMMount/Backup" dan LV "Media" ke direktori "/var/LVMMount/Media" :

lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo df -h
Filesystem                        Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/ubuntu--lvm--vg-root  5.1G  1.1G  3.8G  22% /
none                              4.0K     0  4.0K   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
udev                              235M  4.0K  235M   1% /dev
tmpfs                              50M 1020K   49M   3% /run
none                              5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
none                              246M     0  246M   0% /run/shm
none                              100M     0  100M   0% /run/user
/dev/sda1                         236M   37M  188M  17% /boot

lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo mkdir /var/LVMMount
lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo mkdir /var/LVMMount/Share
lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo mkdir /var/LVMMount/Backup
lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo mkdir /var/LVMMount/Media

lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo mount /dev/ShareLVM/Share /var/LVMMount/Share
lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo mount /dev/ShareLVM/Backup /var/LVMMount/Backup
lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo mount /dev/ShareLVM/Media /var/LVMMount/Media

lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo df -h
Filesystem                        Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/ubuntu--lvm--vg-root  5.1G  1.1G  3.8G  22% /
none                              4.0K     0  4.0K   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
udev                              235M  4.0K  235M   1% /dev
tmpfs                              50M 1020K   49M   3% /run
none                              5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
none                              246M     0  246M   0% /run/shm
none                              100M     0  100M   0% /run/user
/dev/sda1                         236M   37M  188M  17% /boot
/dev/mapper/ShareLVM-Share        3.9G  8.0M  3.6G   1% /var/LVMMount/Share
/dev/mapper/ShareLVM-Backup       3.9G  8.2M  3.7G   1% /var/LVMMount/Backup
/dev/mapper/ShareLVM-Media        1.5G  2.3M  1.4G   1% /var/LVMMount/Media

Taa...daaa...., sekarang partisi LVM yang baru saja kita buat sudah di-mount dan siap digunakan untuk menyimpan berbagai jenis file.Sampai disini tuntas sudah pekerjaan kita dalam membuat partisi LVM sebagai media penyimpanan file. Namun, ketika komputer di restart, kita harus melakukan mount lagi secara manual agar ke 3 partisi LVM tersebut siap digunakan kembali. Agar partisi-partisi LVM tersebut di-mount otomatis saat komputer reboot, maka kita harus memberikan konfigurasi tambahan pada file /etc/fstab. Ikuti langkah-langkah berikut :

lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.asli

lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ ls -l /etc/fsta*
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  630 Aug 12 13:59 /etc/fstab
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  630 Aug 18 11:37 /etc/fstab.asli

/etc/fstab.d:
total 0

lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo vi /etc/fstab


# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a
# device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices
# that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
# <file system> <mount point>   <type>  <options>       <dump>  <pass>
/dev/mapper/ubuntu--lvm--vg-root /               ext4    errors=remount-ro 0       1
# /boot was on /dev/sda1 during installation
UUID=d2f4c0db-dfcd-48d1-b69b-3dd1dc42b27b /boot           ext2    defaults        0       2
/dev/mapper/ubuntu--lvm--vg-swap_1 none            swap    sw              0       0

#Mount otomatis partisi LV Share, LV Media dan LV Backup
/dev/ShareLVM/Share /var/LVMMount/Share ext4 rw,noatime 0 0
/dev/ShareLVM/Backup /var/LVMMount/Backup ext3 rw,noatime 0 0
/dev/ShareLVM/Media /var/LVMMount/Media ext3 rw,noatime 0 0

Silahkan reboot komputer Anda untuk menguji bahwa konfigurasi pada file "/etc/fstab" sudah benar. Kalau konfigurasi telah benar, maka komputer akan dapat kembali login setelah proses restart, dan partisi LVM akan ter-mount secara otomatis (buktikan dengan perintah "df -h"). Sedangkan jika konfigurasi pada file fstab gagal maka kemungkinan komputer tidak bisa masuk ke menu login. Kalau ini terjadi maka masuk ke terminal console dan perbaiki kesalahan pada file "etc/fstab". Kalau ingin membatalkan perubahan file fstab, maka hapus file "/etc/fstab" dan kembalikan (rename) file "/etc/fstab.asli" menjadi "/etc/fstab".
Selanjutny mari kita mencoba meng-copy file ke dalam 3 partisi LVM yang telah kita mount. Saya akan terlebih dahulu me-mount folder sharing dari sebuah komputer file server ke direktori lokal, kemudian saya akan meng-copy salah satu folder ke partisi LV "Backup" :

lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo mkdir /mnt/samba

lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo mount -t cifs //172.16.16.115/sysadm /mnt/samba -o rw
Password for root@//172.16.16.115/sysadm: 

lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ ls -l /mnt/samba
total 0
drwxrwxrwx 8 100102 100100 0 Aug 18 09:51 Master
drwxrwxrwx 5 100101 100100 0 Jun 26 13:36 absensi
d-w------- 5 100103 100100 0 Jul  2 16:05 it

lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo cp -R /mnt/samba/Master /var/LVMMount/Backup/

lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ df -h
Filesystem                        Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/ubuntu--lvm--vg-root  5.1G  1.1G  3.8G  22% /
none                              4.0K     0  4.0K   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
udev                              235M  4.0K  235M   1% /dev
tmpfs                              50M 1012K   49M   3% /run
none                              5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
none                              246M     0  246M   0% /run/shm
none                              100M     0  100M   0% /run/user
/dev/sda1                         236M   37M  188M  17% /boot
/dev/mapper/ShareLVM-Share        3.9G  8.0M  3.6G   1% /var/LVMMount/Share
/dev/mapper/ShareLVM-Backup       3.9G  978M  2.7G  27% /var/LVMMount/Backup
/dev/mapper/ShareLVM-Media        1.5G  2.3M  1.4G   1% /var/LVMMount/Media
//172.16.16.115/sysadm             71G  2.1G   65G   4% /mnt/samba

lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ ls -l /var/LVMMount/Backup/
total 4
drwxr-xr-x 8 root root 4096 Aug 18 13:37 Master

Saya telah berhasil menyalin folder "//mnt/samba/Master" ke partisi LVM yaitu LV "Backup". Terlihat dengan perintah "df -h" bahwa kapasitas LV "Backup" sekarang sudah terpakai sebanyak 27% atau 978MB. Berikutnya saya akan menyalin data masih dari file server tersebut namun kali ini yang di salin adalah folder "absensi" dan "Master", saya akan menyalin kedua folder tersebut ke partisi LV Share. Cara peng-copy-an yang saya gunakan adalah teknik sinkronisasi menggunakan rsync. Ikuti langkah-langkah dibawah ini. Pertama-tama melalui layar console komputer file server cek dulu dimana lokasi folder Master & absensi :

sysadm@fileserver $ pwd
/home/sysadm

sysadm@fileserver $ ls -l
total 12
drwxrwxrwx 8 sysadm  sysadm 4096 Aug 18 02:51 Master
drwxrwxrwx 5 absensi sysadm 4096 Jun 26 06:36 absensi
d-w------- 5 it      sysadm 4096 Jul  2 09:05 it

Kemudian mulai sinkronisasi file / folder komputer remote (file server) ke komputer lokal (ubuntu server 14.04) :

lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo rsync -avzhe ssh --progress --exclude 'it' sysadm@172.16.16.115:/home/sysadm/ /var/LVMMount/Share/
The authenticity of host '172.16.16.115 (172.16.16.115)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is db:77:d2:bc:54:ce:5a:c8:cb:67:fc:24:7f:e6:22:65.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '172.16.16.115' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
sysadm@172.16.16.115's password: 
receiving incremental file list
rsync: readlink_stat("/home/sysadm/Master/Driver/DC236/fxdc336pcl610111nw2k3ien.exe") failed: Permission denied (13)
rsync: readlink_stat("/home/sysadm/Master/Driver/DC236/fxdc336pcl60912nw2k3ien.zip") failed: Permission denied (13)
rsync: opendir "/home/sysadm/it" failed: Permission denied (13)
./
Master/
Master/4AA0-4385ENW.pdf
          1.30M 100%    9.87MB/s    0:00:00 (xfr#1, to-chk=103/108)
Master/Backup DATA  User HO/
Master/Driver/
Master/Driver/DC2055/
Master/Driver/DC2055/UNIX_Driver_4-2-0.zip
         29.20M 100%    7.73MB/s    0:00:03 (xfr#2, to-chk=92/108)
Master/Driver/DC2055/fxdc23005pcl60911nw2k3ien.zip
          3.31M 100%    3.29MB/s    0:00:00 (xfr#3, to-chk=91/108)
Master/Driver/DC2260/
Master/Driver/DC2260/fxdc4c2260pcl614021nwxp6ien.zip
         13.68M 100%    5.09MB/s    0:00:02 (xfr#4, to-chk=90/108)
Master/Driver/DC236/
Master/Driver/Epson L210/
Master/Driver/Epson L210/EM_31035.zip
         15.07M 100%    6.14MB/s    0:00:02 (xfr#5, to-chk=89/108)
Master/Driver/Epson L210/L210_WW_WIN_3791_41.zip
         20.67M 100%    7.66MB/s    0:00:02 (xfr#6, to-chk=88/108)
.
.
.
.
rsync: readlink_stat("/home/sysadm/Master/Driver/DC236/fxdc336pcl610111nw2k3ien.exe") failed: Permission denied (13)
rsync: readlink_stat("/home/sysadm/Master/Driver/DC236/fxdc336pcl60912nw2k3ien.zip") failed: Permission denied (13)
rsync: opendir "/home/sysadm/it" failed: Permission denied (13)

sent 45 bytes  received 3.90K bytes  877.78 bytes/sec
total size is 1.05G  speedup is 266,479.45
rsync error: some files/attrs were not transferred (see previous errors) (code 23) at main.c(1655) [generator=3.1.0]

lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ sudo rsync -avzhe ssh --progress --exclude 'i*' root@172.16.16.115:/home/sysadm/ /var/LVMMount/Share/
root@172.16.16.115's password: 
receiving incremental file list
Master/Driver/DC236/fxdc336pcl60912nw2k3ien.zip
          2.03M 100%   10.09MB/s    0:00:00 (xfr#1, to-chk=104/123)
Master/Driver/DC236/fxdc336pcl610111nw2k3ien.exe
          2.17M 100%    5.49MB/s    0:00:00 (xfr#2, to-chk=103/123)
it/.bash_logout
            220 100%    0.57kB/s    0:00:00 (xfr#3, to-chk=12/123)
it/.bashrc
          2.95K 100%    7.61kB/s    0:00:00 (xfr#4, to-chk=11/123)
it/.profile
            746 100%    1.92kB/s    0:00:00 (xfr#5, to-chk=10/123)
it/.bashrc.d/
it/.bashrc.d/bash_completion
             89 100%    0.23kB/s    0:00:00 (xfr#6, to-chk=6/123)
it/.bashrc.d/bashmarks
          5.06K 100%   12.93kB/s    0:00:00 (xfr#7, to-chk=5/123)
it/.bashrc.d/defaults
             47 100%    0.12kB/s    0:00:00 (xfr#8, to-chk=4/123)
it/.bashrc.d/git
            832 100%    2.12kB/s    0:00:00 (xfr#9, to-chk=3/123)
it/.bashrc.d/penv
            702 100%    1.79kB/s    0:00:00 (xfr#10, to-chk=2/123)
it/.bashrc.d/user-path
            117 100%    0.30kB/s    0:00:00 (xfr#11, to-chk=1/123)
it/.profile.d/
it/.profile.d/.anchor
              0 100%    0.00kB/s    0:00:00 (xfr#12, to-chk=0/123)
it/folder1/

sent 285 bytes  received 4.22M bytes  767.76K bytes/sec
total size is 1.06G  speedup is 250.27

lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ ls -l /var/LVMMount/Share/total 8
drwxrwxrwx 8 100102 100100 4096 Aug 18 09:51 Master
drwxrwxrwx 5 100101 100100 4096 Jun 26 13:36 absensi

lvm@ubuntu-lvm:~$ df -h
Filesystem                        Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/ubuntu--lvm--vg-root  5.1G  1.1G  3.8G  22% /
none                              4.0K     0  4.0K   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
udev                              235M  4.0K  235M   1% /dev
tmpfs                              50M 1016K   49M   3% /run
none                              5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
none                              246M     0  246M   0% /run/shm
none                              100M     0  100M   0% /run/user
/dev/sda1                         236M   37M  188M  17% /boot
/dev/mapper/ShareLVM-Share        3.9G 1017M  2.7G  28% /var/LVMMount/Share
/dev/mapper/ShareLVM-Backup       3.9G  978M  2.7G  27% /var/LVMMount/Backup
/dev/mapper/ShareLVM-Media        1.5G  2.3M  1.4G   1% /var/LVMMount/Media

Sinkronisasi telah berhasil dan sekaran partisi LV "Share" sudah terpakai sebesar 28% atau 1017 MB.
Sampai disini kita telah menyelesaikan oprek-oprekan partisi LVM bagian 2. Pada tutorial berikutnya, insya Allah kita akan mencoba skenario yang berbeda. Selamat mencoba.


Sumber :
https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/4/html/Cluster_Logical_Volume_Manager/LVM_CLI.html
http://www.microhowto.info/howto/reduce_the_size_of_an_ext2_ext3_or_ext4_filesystem.html
http://www.computers-it.com/linux/linux_lvm_resize_filesystem.php
http://tldp.org/HOWTO/LVM-HOWTO/extendlv.html
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